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What is insulin glargine?

Insulin glargine is a type of long-acting or basal insulin that has been modified. It has a long-lasting and consistent (constant) influence on blood sugar levels that lasts the entire day. As a result, it can be used once a day. This medication is only available with a doctor's prescription. It comes in the form of a self-injecting solution.

It must be administered in conjunction with short- or rapid-acting insulin if a patient has type 1 diabetes. This drug can be used alone or in combination with other medications if the patient has type 2 diabetes. Lantus, Basaglar, and Toujeo are brand-name insulin glargine medications. It does not come in a generic form.

Uses of Insulin Glargine

Insulin glargine is used to help diabetics control their blood sugar levels.
Insulin glargine is a kind of insulin that is used to treat adults with type 1 or type 2 diabetes.
In adults and children with type 1 diabetes, insulin glargine is used to lower blood sugar levels. It's also used to help persons with type 2 diabetes lower their blood sugar levels.
Insulin glargine can also be used for other things that aren't included in this guide.
This drug should not be used to cure diabetic ketoacidosis.
This medication should not be used to treat type 2 diabetes in children of any age.

How Insulin Glargine works?

Insulin glargine is a long-acting insulin that enables constant sugar control throughout the day. It works in the same behavior as the human body's natural insulin does. Insulin facilitates the use of sugar by your muscles, aids in the storage of sugar in fat, and suppresses sugar production in the liver. It also helps your body create protein by preventing fat and protein from being broken down. This medication has a longer-acting time than conventional insulin and gives a low, steady dose of insulin.

Insulin glargine can be used with fast-acting insulin. It can be taken alone or in combination with other diabetes medications.

Your pancreas cannot produce insulin if you have type 1 diabetes. If you have type 2 diabetes, your pancreas may not produce enough insulin, or your body may not be able to use the insulin it produces. Insulin glargine is a type of insulin that replaces a portion of the insulin your body requires.

General information about Insulin Glargine

Generic name is insulin glargine (IN su lin GLAR gine)
Dosage forms mainly consist of subcutaneous solution (100 units/mL; 300 units/mL)
Drug class: Insulin
DrugBank Accession Number: DB00047
Type: Biotech
Groups: Approved
Biologic Classification: Protein-Based Therapies Hormones / Insulins
Synonyms: Insulin glargine recombinant; insulin glargine-yfgn; Insulina glargina; Insulin glargine; Insulin glargine (rDNA origin)

Before taking this medicine

Tell your doctor about these points before taking Insulin Glargine:

If you're allergic to insulin, or if you're suffering from hypoglycemia (low blood sugar) or diabetic ketoacidosis, don't take it (call your doctor for treatment).
Heart failure or other heart problems, as well as liver or kidney disorders.
If you also take pioglitazone or rosiglitazone, consult your doctor (sometimes contained in combinations with glimepiride or metformin). Using insulin while taking certain oral diabetes medications may increase your risk of significant heart problems.
If the woman is pregnant or plans to become pregnant, tell her doctor. Diabetes management is critical during pregnancy, as elevated blood sugar can create difficulties for both the mother and the baby.
If you're a breastfeeding mother, you should consult your doctor
Insulin glargine may be more responsive in people over the age of 65. This may increase your chances of experiencing a low blood sugar reaction.
Discuss the usage of insulin glargine in children with your child's doctor. It may be necessary to take extra precautions.

How to use Insulin Glargine Solution?

Follow your prescription's instructions to the letter. If you don't utilize it as directed, you run the risk of major side effects.
Insulin glargine is a kind of insulin that is administered under the skin.
The medication cannot be used with an insulin pump or in combination with other insulins. Insulin glargine should not be injected into a vein or muscle.
It is not a good idea to inject cold insulin because it can be painful.
Visually inspect the product for particles, thickening, or clumping before usage. If any are found, that container should be discarded. The glargine form of insulin should be clear and colorless. Shake the jar gently to avoid harming the insulin.
The dosage is determined by your medical condition and treatment response. Carefully measure each dose and follow your doctor's instructions to the letter. Even tiny adjustments in insulin dosage can have a big impact on your blood sugar.
If you're using this insulin in a cartridge and a specific injecting device with a digital display, be sure you read the display correctly. If you read the display backward, you might inject too much insulin. If you're not sure how to use this type of injection equipment, talk to your pharmacist.
Do not reuse needles and syringes when measuring doses from vials.
Use a new needle each time you use the cartridges or pens.
Even if the needle is changed, do not share your pen gadget with another person. You could spread a dangerous infection to others or develop one from them.

Insulin Glargine Solution Storage

New (unopened) insulin glargine vials should be kept in the refrigerator between 36°F and 46°F (2°C and 8°C) until the expiration date printed on the box or vial. Do not utilize medication that has been frozen. Insulin glargine should be kept away from direct heat and light. Even if there is insulin left in a vial that has been frozen, left out at high temperatures, or expired, throw it away.

Once a vial is opened (in use), it should be kept in the refrigerator or at room temperature below 86°F (30°C). Even if there is still insulin in an opened vial, it should be thrown away 28 days after the initial usage.

What happens if I miss or overdose on Insulin Glargine Solution?

It's critical not to skip a dose. You and your doctor should work out a plan for missed doses. If you miss a dose, stick to your schedule. Unless your doctor advises you otherwise, you should not take more than one dose in a 24-hour period.

If you take more Insulin Glargine than is recommended, your blood sugar levels may drop too low (hypoglycemia).
Hypoglycemia can range from mild to severe. For the next 24 hours, check your blood sugar levels more often.
Mild hypoglycemia (characterized by symptoms such as drowsiness, confusion, blurred vision, numbness or tingling in the mouth, difficulty speaking, muscle weakness, weakness, tremors, and a rapid heartbeat) is usually treated with sugary foods such as sugary candy, fruit juice, and glucose/gluconate-D.
However, before deciding on a treatment plan, you should consult with your doctor. Hypoglycemia that is severe enough can result in a seizure (fit) or unconsciousness.
Contact your doctor in case of overdose

Side effects of Insulin Glargine

The common side effect includes:

low blood sugar;
itching
mild skin rash; or
thickening of the skin where you injected the medication.

This medication may cause serious side effects, such as severe allergic responses, which can be fatal. If you have any of the following symptoms, seek medical attention straight once.

anxiety
irritability
restlessness
trouble concentrating
feeling confused
tingling in your feet, hands, lips, or tongue
dizziness, lightheadedness, or drowsiness
nightmares or trouble sleeping
headache
blurred vision
slurred speech
fast heart rate
sweating
shaking
unsteady walking

What special dietary and daily instructions should I follow?

Make sure to follow all the instructions that your doctors or dietitians give. It's critical to maintain a healthy diet and eat around the same amounts of the same types of food at roughly the same times each day.
Changing the amount or type of food you eat, as well as skipping or delaying meals, can cause blood sugar management issues.
The amount and type of food you eat can have an impact on how much insulin glargine you require. If you modify your diet, let your doctor know. They may need to modify your insulin glargine dosage.
While taking insulin glargine, alcohol may make it more difficult to keep your blood sugar under control. While taking this medication, you should keep alcohol to a minimum.
Avoid driving or engaging in dangerous activities until you have a better understanding of how insulin glargine will impact you. It's possible that your reactions will be hampered.
Always examine the pharmaceutical label before taking a medication to avoid making a mistake.